The two main types of birthmarks are:

• Vascular: These birthmarks are red, purple, or pink in color, and occur due to anomalous bunching of blood vessels underneath the skin.
• Pigmented: These birthmarks are brown-colored and occur due to bunching of skin pigmentation cells.
• Q-switched Nd: YAG laser provides a new paradigm for the treatment of birthmarks. This is an effective procedure for treating epidermal (superficial) and dermal (deep) pigmentation and works by emitting a wavelength of high energy light, which when focused on a certain skin condition will create heat and destroy diseased cells.